Pretoria is home to the National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, as well as the Pretoria National Botanical Garden. Pretoria is known as the "Jacaranda City" due to the approximately 50,000 Jacarandas that line its streets. [32] And according to the museum: "As South African museums in Cape Town and Johannesburg already had good collections of 17th, 18th and 19th century European art, it was decided to focus on compiling a representative collection of South African art" making it somewhat unusual compared to its contemporaries.[32]. The Tshwane University of Technology (commonly referred to as TUT) is a higher education institution, offering vocational oriented diplomas and degrees, and came into being through a merger of Technikon Northern Gauteng, Technikon North-West and Technikon Pretoria. The station's format is mainstream adult contemporary with programming constructed around a playlist of hit music from the 1980s, 1990s and now. The R114 parallels the N14 in its westward journey running just to the north of the highway. The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland, Strelitzia 19, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. More than 50 butterfly species have been recorded and an interesting phenomenon takes place during the months of December to February when the mass migration of the brown-veined white butterfly takes place. [50] The university was established in 1908 as the Pretoria campus of the Johannesburg based Transvaal University College and is the fourth South African institution in continuous operation to be awarded university status. The Pretoria Transnet Blind Cricket Club is situated in Pretoria and is the biggest Blind Cricket club in South Africa. [68] Rumours of the name change provoked outrage from Afrikaner civil rights and political groups. [16] The main languages spoken in Pretoria are Sepedi, Sesotho, Setswana, Xitsonga, Afrikaans and English. The Pretoria Art Museum is home to a vast collection of local artworks. Note: This category should be empty. Among the places of worship, they are predominantly Christian churches and temples : Zion Christian Church, Apostolic Faith Mission of South Africa, Assemblies of God, Baptist Union of Southern Africa (Baptist World Alliance), Methodist Church of Southern Africa (World Methodist Council), Anglican Church of Southern Africa (Anglican Communion), Presbyterian Church of Africa (World Communion of Reformed Churches), Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pretoria (Catholic Church). Our beautiful RETAIL NURSERY/GARDEN CENTRE offers a variety of trees, shrubs, flower bags/bedding plants, groundcovers, grasses, 6-pack seedlings for seasonal colo ...show more. [67] This could increase confusion about the distinction between the city of Pretoria and the municipality of Tshwane. One of the most popular sports in Pretoria is rugby union. Plants of southern Africa: names and distributionedited by T.H. Succulent Karoo Programme A diverse and evolving city, Pretoria boasts a vibrant art scene and a variety of works that range from sculptures to murals to pieces by internationally and locally renowned artists. [43] Jewish citizens have been in Pretoria since its foundation in the 19th century and played an important role in its industrial and economic growth. Hill, Decorana – a Fortran program for detrended correspondence analysis and reciprocal averaging. The area contains a large amount of historical buildings, monuments, and museums that include the Pretoria City Hall, Pretorius Square, Church Square (along with its many historical buildings and statues), and the Ou Raadsaal. [73][74] The retraction had reportedly been ordered at the behest of the Deputy President of South Africa Kgalema Motlanthe, acting on behalf of President Jacob Zuma, as minister of Arts and Culture Lulu Xingwana had acted contrary to the position of the ANC, which is that Pretoria and the municipality are separate entities, which was subsequently articulated by ANC secretary general Gwede Mantashe. Unisa is a dedicated open distance education institution and offers both vocational and academic programmes. Before the Platinum Highway was built, the N4 continued passed the Proefplaas Interchange to the city centre, where it became a regular road, before again becoming a highway west of the city. Beeld is an Afrikaans-language daily newspaper that was launched on 16 September 1974. Major reason for a warm climate is because of it's sheltered valley position. Tuks FM is the radio station of the University of Pretoria and one of South Africa's community broadcasters. Following the 2011/2012 season the University of Pretoria F.C. Pretoria is one of South Africa's leading academic cities and is home to both the largest residential university in South Africa, largest distance education university in South Africa and a research intensive university. [23] The South African Friends of the Rail have recently moved their vintage train trip operations from the Capital Park station to the Hercules station. The city is serviced by a variety of printed publications namely; Pretoria News is a daily newspaper established in Pretoria in 1898. [citation needed] The three Universities in the city in order of the year founded are as follows: The University of South Africa (commonly referred to as Unisa), founded in 1873 as the University of the Cape of Good Hope, is the largest university on the African continent and attracts a third of all higher education students in South Africa. The lower estimate for the population of Pretoria includes largely former white-designated areas, and there is therefore a white majority. The Bulls Super Rugby team, which is operated by the Blue Bulls, won the competition in 2007, 2009 and 2010. Loftus Versfeld also hosts the football side Mamelodi Sundowns. For scheduled air services, Pretoria is served by Johannesburg's airports: OR Tambo International, 45 kilometres (28 mi) south of central Pretoria; and Lanseria, 35 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of the city. The arms were: Gules, on an mimosa tree eradicated proper within an orle of eight bees volant, Or, an inescutcheon Or and thereon a Roman praetor seated proper. At the Brakfontein Interchange with the N14 it continues as The N1 Eastern Bypass bisects the large expanse of the eastern suburbs, routing traffic from Johannesburg to Polokwane and the north of the country. South Africa - South Africa - Soils: South Africa contains three major soil regions. It enters the city from the south as the Ben Schoeman Highway. The average annual temperature is 18.7 °C (65.7 °F). [24], Various bus companies exist in Pretoria, of which PUTCO is one of the oldest and most recognised. The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland Item Preview > ... pretoria Year 2006 . It spans over 76 hectares of land divided into two bio-domes. Some have proposed changing the official name from Pretoria to Tshwane, which has caused some public controversy. There are many radio stations in the greater Pretoria region, some of note are: Jacaranda FM, previously known as Jacaranda 94.2, is a commercial South African radio station, broadcasting in English and Afrikaans, with a footprint that covers Gauteng, Limpopo, Mpumalanga and the North West Province and boasts a listening audience of 2 million people a week, and a digital community of more than 1,1 million people a month. #plants #plantsofinstagram #plantsmakepeoplehappy #haworthialover #haworthiatruncatalimegreen #kambrooplants #southafrica … insect diversity that includes a butterfly, spider and frog survey. After a hiatus of over twenty years, it resumed in 1985. Even since the end of Apartheid, Pretoria itself has had a white majority, albeit with an ever-increasing black middle-class. Pretoria is also served internally by metropolitan routes. The South African Defence Intelligence College is also located in the Sterrewag Suburb north of Air Force Base Waterkloof.[56][62]. Access study documents, get answers to your study questions, and connect with real tutors for BOT 261 : South Africa Flora and Vegetation at University Of Pretoria. "Marching to Pretoria" was one of the songs that British soldiers sang as they marched from the Cape Colony, under British Rule since 1814, to the capital of the Southern African Republic (or in Dutch, Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek). The Pretoria National Botanical Garden opened to the public in 1984. In the suburbs there are also several parks that are notable: Rietondale Park, "Die Proefplaas" in the Queenswood suburb, Magnolia Dell Park, Nelson Mandela Park and Mandela Park Peace Garden and Belgrave Square Park. The peace treaty which ended the war was signed in Pretoria on 3 August 1881 at the Pretoria Convention. Cricket is also a popular game in the city. Strelitzia 19' by Mucina & Rutherford published in 2006 and information updated online. Most Jewish residents stayed neutral in the Second Boer War, though some joined the South African Republic army. The saplings were imported from Brazil and, although native to Central and South America, have become part of the city’s culture. Most jacarandas in Pretoria are lilac in colour, but there are also white ones planted on Herbert Baker Street in Groenkloof. It also houses the School of Signals, 1 Signal Regiment, 2 Signal Regiment, 3 Electronic Workshop, 4 Signal Regiment and 5 Signal Regiment. For many years the Veld Types described by John Acocks were the used and accepted vegetation units. The current published reference to South Africa's vegetation is the the book 'The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. It broadcasts 24 hours a day in stereo on 104.2 FM in the greater Pretoria area. Pretoria Sotho (called Sepitori by its speakers)[26] is the urban lingua franca of Pretoria and the Tshwane metropolitan area in South Africa. Pretoria's Reformed congregation shares a rabbi with the Johannesburg one, though the synagogue no longer operates and services take place in worshippers' private homes. The current publication, the fourth edition in the series, has been expanded to include data on life cycle, life form, Only the second, currently also operating as a synagogue, remains. It has a staff of approximately 3,000 technical and scientific researchers, often working in multi-disciplinary teams. [61], The South African Air Force College, the South African Military Health Service School for Military Health Training and the South African Army College are situated in the Thaba Tshwane Military Base and are used to train Commissioned and Non-commissioned Officers to perform effectively in combat/command roles in the various branches of the South African National Defence Force. Although the average lows during winter are mild, it can get cold due to the clear skies, with nighttime low temperatures in recent years in the range of 2 to −5 °C (36 to 23 °F). Doornpoort, Pretoria. Following a complaint lodged with the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA), it was ruled that such advertisements are deliberately misleading and should be withdrawn from all media. The city engineer Walton Jameson, soon known as "Jacaranda Jim", launched a program to plant jacaranda trees throughout Pretoria, and by 1971 there would already be 55,000 of them in the city. It crosses the N1 east of the Brakfontein Interchange at the Flying Saucer Interchange and runs north–south towards Ekurhuleni (specifically Kempton Park and Boksburg). After a bequest of 17th century Dutch artworks by Lady Michaelis in 1932 the art collection of Pretoria City Council expanded quickly to include South African works by Henk Pierneef, Pieter Wenning, Frans Oerder, Anton van Wouw and Irma Stern. Other early Jewish settlers, many of them immigrants from Lithuania, were not as educated as De Vries and often did not speak Dutch, Afrikaans, or English. DOWNLOAD OPTIONS download 1 file . Pretoria has a small Jewish community of around 3,000. CAPE Programme Interesting birds that have been recorded include hawks, falcons, kestrels and even the Verreaux’s Eagle. It is also available at the Pretoria National Botanical Garden ticket office. It spent most of its early history as an examining agency for Oxford and Cambridge universities and as an incubator from which most other universities in South Africa are descended. The Gautrain high-speed railway line runs from the eastern suburb of Hatfield to Pretoria Station and then southwards to Centurion, Midrand, Marlboro, Sandton, OR Tambo International Airport, Rosebank and Johannesburg. Since its founding, it has been a major Afrikaner population centre, and there are roughly 1 million Afrikaners living in or around the city. Get things done with Snupit. Acocks travelled very widely throughout South Africa during a 40-year period and sampled some 3300 sites. 1000. Call: 0800 160 999, Report complaints on environmental and/or social harms and gender discrimination arising from SANBI’s activities The Tshwane Metro Council has advertised Tshwane as "Africa's leading capital city" since the name change was approved by the SAGNC in 2005. Pretoria is also served by many regional roads. [76], According to comments made by Mayor Kgosientso Ramokgopa in late 2011, the change would occur in 2012. This has led to further controversy, however, as the name of the city had not yet been changed officially, and the council was, at best, acting prematurely. Their field is at the Transnet Engineering campus on Lynette Street, home of differently disabled cricket. It was one of the first community broadcasters in South Africa to be given an FM licence. In early 2010 it was again rumoured that the South African government would make a decision regarding the name, however, a media briefing regarding name changes, where it may have been discussed, was cancelled shortly before taking place. There are two football teams in the city playing in South Africa's top-flight football league, the Premier Soccer League. 4,636 Views . [71][72] The following week, the registration of "Tshwane" was officially withdrawn in the Government Gazette. The occurrence of rare and threat-ened plant species in each vegetation type is indicated. Both synagogues are no longer in operation, but a Reformed synagogue, Temple Menorah, opened in the early 1950s. South African Army Air Defence Artillery Formation HQ, The Green Magazine (Groen Magazyn) which is the Headquarters to the, Magazine Hill which is the regimental Headquarters to the, Joint Support Base Garrison that is responsible for the town management of Thaba Tshwane. Lennon denied this, insisting his lyrics came from "nothing". SP Engelbrecht Museum (history of the NHK church). Tshwane municipality provides the remainder of the bus services.[25]. The R55 starts at an interchange with the R80, and runs north–south west of the city to Sandton. It publishes a daily edition from Monday to Friday and a Weekend edition on Saturday and Sunday. It lies at an altitude of about 1,339 m (4,393 ft) above sea level,[10] in a warm, sheltered, fertile valley, surrounded by the hills of the Magaliesberg range. The R514 starts from the M1, north of the city centre, and terminates at the R511. In layman's terms : a red shield displaying an uprooted mimosa tree surrounded by a border of eight golden bees, superimposed on the tree is a golden shield depicting a Roman praetor. The garden is a favourite birding spot and over 220 bird species have been listed. At present the highway begins in Soshanguve. South African lesser bushbabies frequent the Acacia-dominated woodland. Figure 1. The ridge that runs through the garden, the natural grassland and lawned areas containing beds of indigenous plants, offer a habitat for many animal species. The jacaranda comes from tropical South America and belongs to the family Bignoniaceae. It is a creole language that developed in the city during the years of Apartheid. The R21 provides a second north–south highway, further east. Die Beeld (English: The Image) was an Afrikaans-language Sunday newspaper in the late 1960s. Between 1910 and 1994, the city was also the capital of the province of Transvaal. The city of Pretoria has the largest white population in Sub-Saharan Africa. Loftus Versfeld is home to the Blue Bulls, who compete in the domestic Currie Cup, and also to the Bulls in the international Super Rugby competition. Similar record-breaking extreme heat events also occurred in January 2013, when Pretoria experienced temperatures exceeding 37 °C (99 °F) on several days. L. Mucina & M.C. Compare quotes from up to 5 local professionals for vegetation management. It has a reputation as an academic city and center of research, being home to the Tshwane University of Technology (TUT), the University of Pretoria (UP), the University of South Africa (UNISA), the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), and the Human Sciences Research Council. However, including the geographically separate townships increases Pretoria's population beyond a million and makes whites a minority. TUT caters for approximately 60,000 students and it has become the largest residential higher education institution in South Africa. They are Mamelodi Sundowns and Supersport United. He was meticulous in recording plant species at the various sites and he described vegetation patterns at a scale that is much smaller than the biome. [42] There are also Muslim mosques and Hindu temples. [40], The city's Sun Arena at Times Square hosted the NBA Africa Game 2018.[41]. Price Estimate for vegetation management in Pretoria. These plants may no longer be planted or propagated and all trade in their seeds, cuttings or any other propagation material is prohibited. Via the Pretoria–Maputo railway it is possible to access the port of Maputo, in the east.[21]. [37][38] After a poor league finish in the 2015/2016 season, University of Pretoria F.C. The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) contributes to South Africa’s sustainable development by facilitating access to biodiversity data, generating information and knowledge, building capacity, providing policy advice, showcasing and conserving biodiversity in its national botanical and zoological gardens. Rovos Rail,[22] a luxury mainline train safari service operates from the colonial-style railway station at Capital Park. It became the capital of the South African Republic on 1 May 1860. The analysis revealed six major vegetation types, interpreted as the Acacia tortilis-Dichrostachys cinerea Northern Dry Mixed Bushveld, the Kirkia wilmsii-Terminalia prunioides Closed Mountain Bushveld, the Combretum hereroense-Grewia vernicosa Open Mountain Bushveld, the Hippobromus pauciflorus-Rhoicissus tridentata Rock Outcrop Vegetation, the Themeda triandra-Senecio microglossus Cool Moist Grasslands and the Fuirena pubescens-Schoenoplectus corymbosus Wetland Vegetation. Purple is a colour often associated with the city and is often included on local council logos and services such as the A Re Yeng rapid bus system and the logo of the local Jacaranda FM radio station. Pretoria is named after the Voortrekker leader Andries Pretorius,[6] and South Africans sometimes call it the "Jacaranda City", because of the thousands of jacaranda trees planted along its streets and in its parks and gardens.[7]. Two Jewish schools arose in Pretoria, the Miriam Marks School, which was founded in 1905, and the Carmel School, which opened in 1959. 1). It begins again north of the city, branching west from the N1 as the Platinum Highway, forming the Northern Bypass, and heading to Rustenburg. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. A second synagogue, known as the Great Synagogue, opened in 1922. [19] There are also a number of smaller parks and gardens located throughout the city, including the Austin Roberts Bird Sanctuary, Pretorius Square gardens, the Pretoria Rosarium, Church Square, Pretoria Showgrounds, Springbok Park, Freedom Park, Jan Cilliers Park and Burgers Park, the oldest park in the city and now a national monument. Hire Pretoria Pros for vegetation management today. Suppliers of trees and plants in Pretoria. Rabia Mathakutha, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. "[29], The opening line of John Lennon's Beatles' song I Am the Walrus, "I am he as you are he as you are me and we are all together", is often believed to be based on the lyric "I'm with you and you're with me and so we are all together"[30] in "Marching to Pretoria". It is a combination of Tswana and Northern Sotho (Pedi), with influences from Tsotsitaal and other black South African languages. Many of them spoke only Yiddish and made a living as shopkeepers in the local retail industry. [8] When South Africa became a republic in 1961, Pretoria remained its administrative capital.[9]. Branchout - Pretoria . : South Africa: Politics", "Mashatile postpones name changes after 'technicality, "Tshwane Royals: 'Change Pretoria for benefit of all, "Old cities, new names | Radio Netherlands Worldwide", "Pretoria of Tshwane? For more information download Havens of Biodiversity – a booklet describing biodiversity in the 9 National Botanical Gardens. Each major vegetation type is described and its diagnostic species highlighted. The N4 enters the city as a highway from eMalahleni in the east, merging with the N1 at the Proefplaas Interchange. [69] It later emerged that the registration of the municipality as a geographic place had been published in the government gazette as it had been too late to withdraw the name from the publication,[70] but it was announced that the name had been withdrawn, pending "further work" by officials. As a result, the ASA requested that Tshwane Metro pay for advertisements in which it admits that it has misled the public. As of 2021[update], the proposed name change has not occurred. A 9 metre tall statue of former president Nelson Mandela was unveiled in front of the Union Buildings on 16 December 2013. [20], Commuter rail services around Pretoria are operated by Metrorail. Care-i cu americanii, care-i cu rușii? Fynbos Biome (2006). Pretoria Station is a departure point for the Blue Train luxury train. In 1946 it was given a new role as a distance education university and in 2012 it had a student headcount of over 300,000 students, including African and international students in 130 countries worldwide, making it one of the world's mega universities. Rhoicissus tridentata Rock Outcrop Vegetation, the Themeda triandra-Senecio microglossus Cool Moist Grasslands and the Fuirena pubescens-Schoenoplectus corymbosusWetland Vegetation. Depending on the extent of the area understood to constitute "Pretoria", the population ranges from 700,000[15] to 2.95 million. Pretoria is serviced by eTV, SABC, MNET, and SuperSport. It was established by an act of parliament in 1945 and is situated on its own campus in the city. It is an independent newspaper in the English language that serves the city and its direct environs. Supersport United were the 2008–09 PSL Champions. It runs through the centre of city rather than the eastern suburbs. 0.0. Pienaar, who studied Buddhist teachers for twenty years, spent two years in India. The first NVM was released in 2006, with updates having been released in 2009, 2012 and 2018 (Fig. [44][45], The Pretoria civic arms, designed by Dr. Frans Engelenburg,[46] were granted by the College of Arms on 7 February 1907. The Minister can then refer that public response back to the SAGNC, before presenting his recommendation before parliament, who will vote on the change. Refusing to abide by the ASA's request, the Metro Council was banned consequently from placing any advertisements in the South African media that refer to Tshwane as the capital. A Mr. De Vries, the first Jewish inhabitant of Pretoria, was a prominent citizen and prosecutor, a member of the Volksraad and a pioneer of the Afrikaans language. Pretoria reached a new record high of 44 °C (111 °F) on 7 January 2016. In 2015, Pretoria saw its worst drought since 1982; the month of November 2015 saw new records broken for high temperatures, with 43 °C (109 °F) recorded on 11 November after three weeks of temperatures between 35 °C (95 °F) and 43 °C (109 °F). South. Email: sanbi@behonest.co.za These may include aerial military transport duties within the city, aerospace monitoring and defence as well as VIP transport to and from the city. The first congregation was founded between 1890 and 1895, and in 1898 the first synagogue opened on Paul Kruger Street. The Jacaranda Carnival is an old tradition that was held from 1939 to 1964. … During the First Boer War, the city was besieged by Republican forces in December 1880 and March 1881. A number of popular South African bands and musicians are originally from Pretoria. [48] The Bureau provided new artwork, in a more modern style, in 1989.[49]. ; 'The Coat of Arms and Other Heraldic Symbols of the City of Pretoria' in, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, changing the official name from Pretoria to Tshwane, Department of International Relations and Cooperation, National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, Ditsong National Museum of Cultural History, Learn how and when to remove this template message, City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, University of Pretoria Faculty of Veterinary Science, List of twin towns and sister cities in South Africa, The National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, "Pretoria | national administrative capital, South Africa", "Klimatafel von Pretoria (Wetteramt), Transvaal / Südafrika", "Transfer of the Indian community of Pretoria to Laudium ordered", "South African Reserve Bank Building, Pretoria | Building 103551", "The seven-year long construction of Delagoa Bay railway line starts", "Traditional & Folk Songs with Chords: Marching To Pretoria", ""'I Am the Walrus' Lyrics," Shmoop: We Speak Student", "Pretoria Art Museum – Pretoria Attractions – Gauteng Conference Centre Midrand", "Madiba's Journey – South African Tourism", "World's largest statue of Mandela unveiled", "Tuks secure Premiership promotion – SuperSport – Football", "University of Pretoria – Highlands Park Preview: Relegated AmaTuks eye consolation win | Goal.com", "Getting to know Africa's flashy basketball arenas", "Support Association for Zionism – South African Jewry: History of Pretoria Jewry", "Boere-Boeddhis begin sentrum in Pretoria", "SA Universities Retrieved 21 January 2011", "About Veterinary Science > University of Pretoria", "SA capital advert row sparks ad-alert threat, IOL", "Down with Pretoria signs! 4: (1987) 25-30 Fuls, 1993 E.R. Any content should be recategorised. However, as from August 2015, scheduled flights from Wonderboom Airport to Cape Town International Airport were made available by SA Airlink. Despite the many corporate offices, small businesses, shops, and government departments that are situated in Pretoria's sprawling suburbs, its Central Business District still retains its status as the traditional centre of government and commerce. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. The nursery is situated on Plot 398 Grahame Road(Lynnwood Road extension) Zwavelpoort Pretoria East 0036 and the Postal address is PO Box73248 Lynnwood Ridge 0040. The district also has a high number of residential buildings which house people who primarily work in the district. Other nocturnal animals such as greater cane rats love to feed on grass roots. The routes, originating from the city centre, extend south to Germiston and Johannesburg, west to Atteridgeville, northwest to Ga-Rankuwa, north to Soshanguve and east to Mamelodi. Blyfontein Kwekery. Various public interest groups have warned that the name change will be challenged in court, should the minister approve the renaming. Arnold & B.C. Plans have been in place for some time to extend this all the way past the M4 and N14 highways to the N1 in Randburg. The city experiences the typical winters of South Africa with cold, clear nights and mild to moderately warm days. [52][53] Since 1997, the university has produced more research outputs every year than any other institution of higher learning in South Africa, as measured by the Department of Education's accreditation benchmark.[54]. Another famed Jewish Pretorian was Sammy Marks. Various biodiversity surveys have already been or are being conducted, e.g. Church Street has been renamed Helen Joseph from Nelson Mandela Church Square, WF Nkomo from Nelson Mandela to R511, Stanza Bopape from Nelson Mandela to the East and Elias Motswaledi from R511 to the West. The Pretoria National Botanic Garden, in the city's eastern suburbs, is a peaceful oasis close to the city. It is known for contemporary music and is operated by UP's student base. The matter is under consideration while he has requested further research on the matter. Photosynthesis is the process used by plants to convert light energy into chemical energy needed as fuel. The majority of the plants are evergreen hard-leaf plants with fine, needle-like leaves, such as the sclerophyllous plants. The Pretoria National Botanical Gardens is one of the nine spectacular gardens South Africa has to offer. Festivities include a colourful march and the crowning of the Jacaranda Queen. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is a vegetation index used to analyse the photosynthetic activity of vegetation.
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